{"id":299,"count":56,"description":"[:vi]

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nM\u1ecdi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u1eaft khe \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ecd b\u00e1n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISO) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Li\u00ean bang Hoa K\u1ef3 209E.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\u25c6<\/span>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam:<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. H\u1ed9p gi\u1ea5y<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
  2. H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
  3. M\u00e0ng x\u1ed1p<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
  4. Tem nh\u00e3n<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

    Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nHi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPh\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec7 sinh cao nh\u1ea5t; c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1edbn c\u00f3 ch\u1ee5p. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    T\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nT\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng h\u00fat kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 t\u1ee7, l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 thu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed9c, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u01a1i. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i, bao g\u1ed3m \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn PVC, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc carbon, lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea7ng, t\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, b\u0103ng gh\u1ebf s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u1ed1ng th\u1edf.<\/span>\r\n\r\nCh\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    T\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng, chia lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c, t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e9p k\u00edn v\u1edbi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eabu kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ee5i nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span>\r\n\r\nT\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u1ecdc, qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA. Qu\u1ea1t h\u00fat kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xung quanh v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc HEPA, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Hai lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ngang v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3ng ngang c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb sau ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ecdc c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/span>\r\n\r\nT\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u00e9t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ra kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi kh\u00f4ng gian s\u00e0n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u01a1 l\u1eedng b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u1edbi m\u00e1y h\u00fat kh\u00ed t\u1ea7ng ngang, lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ea3y qua b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y qua b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb sau ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng gian cho b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t l\u1eafp ph\u00eda sau v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    T\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y h\u00fat kh\u00ed chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i quan s\u00e1t trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea7ng d\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, Lo\u1ea1i I, II v\u00e0 III, trong \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i ba l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi sinh v\u1eadt d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan cao.<\/span>\r\n

    Bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span>\r\n\r\nBu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng acrylic, nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/span>\r\n

    M\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p k\u00edn tr\u00f2n l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i \u1ea9m. \u1ede d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda tr\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 canxi clorua khan, canxi sunfat ho\u1eb7c silica.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m h\u1ed9p m\u1ef1c m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u01b0\u1edfi. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 argon l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/span>\r\n

    M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nit\u01a1:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nit\u01a1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nit\u01a1 t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e9n. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p lu\u1ed3ng nit\u01a1 tinh khi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a. M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nit\u01a1 cung c\u1ea5p 99% nit\u01a1 tinh khi\u1ebft \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf cho t\u1ee7 h\u00fat \u1ea9m, h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/span>\r\n

    L\u1ed1i \u0111i qua ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nL\u1ed1i \u0111i qua ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i qua l\u1ed7 m\u1edf. L\u1ed1i \u0111i qua lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i \u0111i qua cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch; c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i qua v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a ni\u00eam phong ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f4i.<\/span>\r\n

    C\u1eeda xoay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u1eeda xoay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u1eeda xoay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nNg\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eeda xoay t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1eeda t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf c\u1eeda c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1eeda xoay \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i \u0111i qua.<\/span>\r\n

    L\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nL\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e9p k\u00edn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. L\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia nhi\u1ec7t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Trong ba lo\u1ea1i, l\u00f2 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. L\u00f2 kh\u00ed c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea1t g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Qu\u1ea1t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c m\u1ebb v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. L\u00f2 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea1t tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3. Ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u. L\u00f2 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/span>\r\n

    V\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u1eefa m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. V\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i, m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. V\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i v\u00e0o qua m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda kh\u00f3a k\u00e9p, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd th\u1ed5i kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111i v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc HEPA v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong bu\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed3ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nM\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. S\u00e0n, tr\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ISO 1, c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,02 \u03bcm. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n, t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/span>\r\n

    B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch (AHU):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO, kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC v\u00e0 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. B\u00ean trong b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf 99,9% ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cho ph\u00e9p c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u03bcm.<\/span>\r\n

    B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc qu\u1ea1t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch (FFU):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc qu\u1ea1t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a FFU bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 0,3 \u03bcm tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p (ULPA) lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 0,23 \u03bcm tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00e1o c\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (MERV) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 0,3 \u03bcm \u0111\u1ebfn 10 \u03bcm.<\/span>\r\n\r\nFFU c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng FFU c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng. Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc qu\u1ea1t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/span>\r\n

    \u0110\u00e8n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\u0110\u00e8n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00f5m, g\u1eafn tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng gel ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang k\u00edn kh\u00ed.<\/span>\r\n\r\nLo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng (LED) t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t cho chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n

    L\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTr\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Hai lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n treo. Tr\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 chu vi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thanh \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ph\u00f2ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m l\u1eafp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eb7n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thanh \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T.<\/span>\r\n\r\nL\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n treo ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n. Thanh gi\u1eb1ng cho tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo t\u1eeb d\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thanh th\u00e9p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a v\u1eb7n n\u1eb7ng. Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ea7n treo, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc xem tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span>\r\n

    S\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch: <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nS\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u00e0n n\u1eb1m \u1edf cu\u1ed1i danh s\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nKhi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u00e0n, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, c\u00e1ch v\u1ec7 sinh, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t (GMP) v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong ph\u00f2ng. Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a vinyl c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nS\u00e0n n\u00e2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn theo t\u1ea7ng t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc HEPA, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/span>\r\n

    T\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng m\u00f4-\u0111un, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac linh ho\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 l\u1eafp c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o.<\/span>\r\n\r\nNh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ch\u00ednh khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u1eddng. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf khi b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nN\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m gh\u1ebf, b\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo c\u00f4ng th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i.<\/span>\r\n

    B\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo c\u00f4ng th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 cao b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c tay quay.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n, b\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng khu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n, m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n b\u00e0n.<\/span>\r\n

    Gh\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGh\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ISO 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 10, trong \u0111\u00f3 ISO 5 v\u00e0 6 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng vinyl, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i, urethane v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i ESD v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, gh\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh xe ho\u1eb7c thanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ea1 cr\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span>\r\n

    B\u00e0n \u01b0\u1edbt:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u00e0n \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Khi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n l\u00e0 b\u00e0n axit ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u00e0n axit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng polypropylen. B\u00e0n dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp l\u00f3t, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng gh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbt, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nit\u01a1, b\u1ec3 r\u1eeda, m\u00e1y x\u1ea3, m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 pha lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch axit, b\u1ec3 th\u1ea1ch anh, b\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ec3 si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ed3n r\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed5 sung.<\/span>\r\n

    Xe \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nHai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i. Xe \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/span>\r\n\r\nXe \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh xe kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Ch\u00fang nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nC\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed; ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i: ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u1ec7 sinh, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/span>\r\n

    Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nPh\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao (HEPA) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/span>\r\n\r\nKh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. V\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n, m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t; vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec7 sinh ti\u1ebfp theo cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u1ec7 sinh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHai d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng oxy h\u00f3a. Trong hai d\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng oxy h\u00f3a l\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a c\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t amoni.<\/span>\r\n

    Kh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u0103n lau ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m kh\u0103n lau s\u1ee3i nh\u1ecf, kh\u0103n lau b\u00e3o h\u00f2a, kh\u0103n lau vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u0103n lau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch khu\u00f4n in. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u0103n lau kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u0103n lau kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span>\r\n\r\nKh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra ch\u00fang. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u00e1ch, m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n, m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00edt x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i.<\/span>\r\n

    Kh\u0103n lau d\u1ec7t kim kh\u00f4:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nKh\u0103n lau d\u1ec7t kim kh\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch Class 10 ho\u1eb7c ISO 4 v\u00e0 Class 100 ho\u1eb7c ISO 5. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polyester, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

    Kh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t kh\u00f4:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nKh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t kh\u00f4 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Kh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t<\/span>\r\n

    B\u00e3o h\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nKh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch b\u00e3o h\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch trong v\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a kh\u0103n lau v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i dung d\u1ecbch bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ed3n isopropyl (IPA), ethanol v\u00e0 hydrogen peroxide. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u0103n lau b\u00e3o h\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m polyester c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng dao, polyester d\u00e1n m\u00e9p, polycellulose v\u00e0 polypropylene th\u1ed5i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/span>\r\n

    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHai lo\u1ea1i lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 lau s\u1ea1ch. M\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u lau chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u lau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a dung m\u00f4i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, polyester d\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u0111an \u0111\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c.<\/span>\r\n\r\nCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ea7u lau ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi dung m\u00f4i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00ec s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u lau nh\u00e0.<\/span>\r\n

    S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m USP 800:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m USP 800. B\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. B\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n USP 800 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong USP 800. Bao g\u1ed3m trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 USP 800 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ISO lo\u1ea1i 5 ho\u1eb7c Lo\u1ea1i 100. Ng\u00e0nh cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a USP 800 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a USP 800.<\/span>\r\n

    Th\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u00e0nh cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u00e0n v\u00e0 thu gom b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n t\u1eeb gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh, th\u1ea3m tr\u1ea3i s\u00e0n, th\u1ea3m ng\u00e2m ch\u00e2n, th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi, th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/span>\r\n

    Th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h4>\r\nTh\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch d\u00ednh, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp t\u1ea5m polyethylene c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m. Khi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i tr\u00ean th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh, th\u1ea3m s\u1ebd b\u00e1m b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span>\r\n

    Th\u1ea3m ng\u00e2m ch\u00e2n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTh\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ng\u00e2m ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 dung d\u1ecbch kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea1o cao su gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p. Th\u1ea3m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t gallon dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch clo ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch b\u1eadc b\u1ed1n. Th\u1ea3m nh\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p.<\/span>\r\n

    Ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTh\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m s\u00e0n ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho ch\u00e2n khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi g\u00e2y ra l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u k\u00e9m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/span>\r\n

    Kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTh\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaby v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f4i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m.<\/span>\r\n

    M\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n t\u1eeb b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean gi\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u1edbi b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u00e9p. M\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi s\u00e1u inch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0o t\u00fai \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u1ee5i, trong khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a b\u1ee5i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i qua b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eadm, m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn n\u00e0y t\u00edch t\u1ee5 sau khi gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    Trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 danh s\u00e1ch trang ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, m\u0169 ph\u1ed3ng, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, bao gi\u00e0y, kh\u1ea9u trang v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng, \u00e1o li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n, v\u00e1y, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c, t\u1ea1p d\u1ec1, \u00e1o s\u01a1 mi, qu\u1ea7n, gi\u00e0y, bao gi\u00e0y, tay \u00e1o v\u00e0 m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, s\u1ee3i, v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i r\u1eddi. Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e kh\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/span>\r\n

    Li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i\/Th\u1ed5i tan ch\u1ea3y\/Li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i (SMS):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nSMS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 th\u1ed5i tan ch\u1ea3y. Lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho d\u00f9 \u01b0\u1edbt hay kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u1eddn ho\u1eb7c bung s\u1ee3i cao. Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ed5i tan ch\u1ea3y m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ebbo dai h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00ec v\u1ea3i li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng, dai v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/span>\r\n

    Ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (ESD):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ESD. Trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. V\u1ea3i ESD ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ESD th\u01b0\u1eddng do qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o t\u1ea1o ra.<\/span>\r\n

    Vi x\u1ed1p:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u vi x\u1ed1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb m\u00e0ng vi x\u1ed1p tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 l\u1edbp r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng sinh h\u1ecdc. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0o, m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u vi x\u1ed1p l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u00e1u, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n h\u01a1i \u1ea9m cao (MVTR), kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span>\r\n

    Ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 baz\u01a1, dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 axit. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nylon c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i axeton nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m Arkema, Baden anilin v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y soda (BASF), Solvay, nylon v\u00e0 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), v.v.<\/span>\r\n

    Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y (FR):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u FR kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1eaft l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c tan ch\u1ea3y khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y. Hai lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u FR l\u00e0 v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n F1930 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 (ASTM), Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma-n\u01a1-canh c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng.<\/span>\r\n

    Ch\u1ed1ng nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0ng x\u1ed1p si\u00eau nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/span>\r\n
      \r\n \t
    1. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 1: G\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
    2. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 2: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
    3. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 3: C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
    4. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 4: Nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

      T\u1ea1p d\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, t\u1ea1p d\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng gian. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0n axit, ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 tay \u00e1o d\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u1ed5 tay chun \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1nh tay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c.<\/span>\r\n\r\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u0169 bouffant ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9, m\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng polypropylen v\u00e0 c\u00f3 d\u00e2y thun che ph\u1ee7 ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 nha khoa. M\u0169 Bouffant th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ngay sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3.<\/span>\r\n

      B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c \u00e1o li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m n\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t ra gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc hay h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n do lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9: A, B, C v\u00e0 D. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 A l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 D l\u00e0 \u00edt nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 A \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh kh\u00ed gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. Ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede m\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u1ee7ng, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1.<\/span>\r\n

      Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nQu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i t\u1eeb qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng bao g\u1ed3m m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i che m\u1eb7t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 cho gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, tay v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span>\r\n

      H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nQu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd axit, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, vi-r\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 trang ph\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd axit v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n da ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00eam, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may d\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp ni\u00eam phong b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ed1ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

      Nomex\u00ae:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nNomex\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n do T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n DuPont ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Khi Nomex\u00ae ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u00e0y l\u00ean v\u00e0 cacbon h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, Nomex\u00ae s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tan ch\u1ea3y, nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1y. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Nomex\u00ae ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ed3 quang.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Nomex\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb v\u00e1y, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 che ch\u00e2n.<\/span>\r\n

      Tyvek\u00ae:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTyvek\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a DuPont \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Tyvek\u00ae t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng quy tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i nhanh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may serge kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e9p th\u00f4 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, ch\u1ed1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nQu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch Tyvek\u00ae c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm, v\u00e1y, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, bao gi\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u0169 bouffant.<\/span>\r\n

      V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u00e0y v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc gi\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng, lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao gi\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m Tyvek\u00ae, polypropylene, nh\u1ef1a CPE, latex v\u00e0 polyethylene, v.v. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a bao ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n

      M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ecdi ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i ng\u0103n h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m v\u00f2ng qua tai, b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c, t\u00fai v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m che. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 quai quai l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 hai d\u00e2y thun co gi\u00e3n qua tai. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt bu\u1ed9c \u1edf ph\u00eda sau \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ki\u1ec3u t\u00fai l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xung quanh mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 m\u0169i \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m che \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn g\u1eafn \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng qua tai.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ed5 sung cho m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a kh\u1ea9u trang trong h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u1ea9u trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a trong v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/span>\r\n

      M\u0169 tr\u00f9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u0169 tr\u00f9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n t\u1eeb t\u00f3c l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u0169 tr\u00f9m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i che to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1eaft v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i che d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1eb1m v\u00e0 che hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u0169 tr\u00f9m l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng ISO 4 v\u00e0 ISO 5.<\/span>\r\n

      G\u0103ng tay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u0103ng tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cao, g\u0103ng tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ri\u00eang l\u1ebb trong t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i g\u0103ng tay trong b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u0103ng tay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m nitrile, latex, neoprene, polychloroprene v\u00e0 polyisoprene. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a g\u0103ng tay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 v\u1eeba kh\u00edt v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n sao cho g\u0103ng tay kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 v\u1eeba v\u1eb7n nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp da th\u1ee9 hai. Lo\u1ea1i g\u0103ng tay ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

      B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTrong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mua b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n m\u1eb7c b\u00ean trong qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u1ed5 tay v\u00e0 m\u1eaft c\u00e1 ch\u00e2n.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n da c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm v\u1edbi g\u0103ng tay, bao ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u trang, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
      \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

      H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nVi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed7i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPh\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong ISO 14644 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi khu\u1ea9n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong ISO 14698. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra b\u1edfi C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m Li\u00ean bang (FDA) v\u00e0 Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU). M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/span>\r\n

      H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n. Ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng ng\u0103n ch\u00fang sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 sao ch\u00e9p DNA c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n\r\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi khu\u1ea9n. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h4>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, lipid, enzyme v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edbi s\u1ebd ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Khi ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m. K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed l\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o t\u1eed.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u1ed3n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng g\u1ed1c c\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ee3p v\u1ec7 sinh. Pha v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ed3n, isopropyl ho\u1eb7c etyl, cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh di\u1ec7t vi-r\u00fat. C\u1ed3n isopropyl \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00e0o t\u1eed.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda formaldehyde:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda formaldehyde th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u00f3c, kh\u00f4ng gian b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng formaldehyde l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i; ph\u1ea3i l\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 carbon.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda Bleach:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nNatri hypoclorit (thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 b\u00e0o t\u1eed. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, bao g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1c.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda Hydrogen Peroxide:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nHydrogen peroxide c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, hydro peroxide c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1i. Kh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hydro peroxide. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1eb7n.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda axit peracetic:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nAxit peracetic l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a axit axetic v\u00e0 hydro peroxide v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m; sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1eb7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i soi, \u1ed1ng soi kh\u1edbp, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nha khoa.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda Isopropanol:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nIsopropanol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3n isopropyl m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a isopropanol l\u00e0 n\u00f3 bay h\u01a1i nhanh nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n cao trong isopropanol gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span>\r\n

      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda USP 800:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1ec7 sinh USP 800 l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda s\u1ebd v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a, kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n
        \r\n \t
      1. V\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u2013 Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u01a1.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
      2. Kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m \u2013 Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda s\u1ebd v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a, trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
      3. V\u1ec7 sinh \u2013 C\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
      4. Kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u2013 Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda s\u1ebd ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

        Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda b\u1eadc b\u1ed1n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1eadc b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t amoniac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 n\u1ea5m, amip, n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng vi-r\u00fat kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1eadc b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng x\u1ed1p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0o t\u1eed vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

        S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i.<\/span>\r\n\r\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ea3 thi \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/span>\r\n

        Con l\u0103n d\u00ednh<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCon l\u0103n d\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 h\u01a1i c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e0n, tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i con l\u0103n d\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecdt, trong \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng trong khi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nCon l\u0103n d\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 con l\u0103n x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i c\u1ea7m tay nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng con l\u0103n s\u01a1n. Thay v\u00ec s\u01a1n, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m polyethylene d\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o con l\u0103n. Khi con l\u0103n di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eddi v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n

        X\u00f4<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 x\u00f4 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lau s\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh lang, c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng hai so v\u1edbi ba x\u00f4. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ba x\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh, m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 v\u1eaft. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hai x\u00f4, m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 x\u00f4 th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u00e1y v\u1eaft. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eaft trong x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/span>\r\n

        Ch\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee3i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ed5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eeba kh\u00edt an to\u00e0n, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i polyme sao cho ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1n ch\u1ed5i, s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i poly ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 vi khu\u1ea9n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9i h\u00f4i. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ee1, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba th\u00eam, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ch\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span>\r\n

        C\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 n\u00e0o cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1ee5ng l\u00f4ng. C\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nT\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng, s\u1ee3i lau nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn sao cho c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/span>\r\n

        M\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA. M\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e0n, t\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gh\u1ebf cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch\u2014th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. Theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i cho m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i g\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u1ed1c. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc; m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO 4.<\/span>\r\n

        C\u00e2y g\u1ea1t s\u00e0n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00e2y g\u1ea1t s\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng PVC kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 vi khu\u1ea9n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9i h\u00f4i. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ee1, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee1i k\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn b\u1eafn n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

        K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n
          \r\n \t
        1. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
        2. M\u1ecdi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u1eaft khe \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
        3. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
        4. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
        5. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>[:en]

          What are cleanroom supplies?<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nCleanroom supplies (also known as cleanroom consumables or controlled-environment supplies) are tools, clothing, and consumable materials specially designed to prevent contamination from particles, microorganisms, and electrostatic discharge.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
          \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

          Main cleanroom categories and supplies<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n
            \r\n \t
          1. Personnel protective equipment and decontamination<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          2. Cleanroom apparel: Cleanroom coveralls, two-piece suits, anti-static gowns<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          3. Head and face: Cleanroom caps, work caps, hair nets, two- or three-layer cleanroom masks<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          4. Hands and feet: Cleanroom gloves (e.g., latex\/nitrile gloves), finger cots, soft-soled cleanroom shoes, anti-static cleanroom shoes, shoe covers<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          5. Cleaning supplies<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          6. Cleaning materials: Cleanroom wipes, specialized cleanroom wipes, cleanroom swabs<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          7. Floor and surface cleaning: Sticky mats, adhesive rollers, professional mopping systems and disinfectants (e.g., various surface cleaning agents)<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          8. Disinfection and sterilization products<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          9. Alcohol wipes, disinfectant spray bottles, sterilization reagents, etc.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          10. Stationery and auxiliary supplies<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          11. Specialized cleanroom paper, cleanroom notebooks, cleanroom pens, specialized plastic sheets and accessories.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
            \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
            \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
            \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\u25c6<\/span>Learn more:<\/span>\r\n
              \r\n \t
            1. https:\/\/hadupack.com\/en\/danh-muc\/hop-giay\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
            2. https:\/\/hadupack.com\/en\/danh-muc\/hat-chong-am\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
            3. https:\/\/hadupack.com\/en\/danh-muc\/hat-nhua\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
            4. https:\/\/hadupack.com\/en\/danh-muc\/mang-xop\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nBiNa Vietnam Joint Stock Company<\/strong><\/em><\/span> - We are committed to providing customers with a wide range of products that help minimize the risk of contamination in cleanrooms and other controlled environments.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
              \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

              Conclusion<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n
                \r\n \t
              1. Cleanroom products are specially designed and manufactured to prevent contamination and pollution of highly sensitive cleanroom environments.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
              2. All tools, equipment, and substances used in cleanrooms must meet stringent standards to be classified as cleanroom products.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
              3. Just like the classification of cleanroom structures, cleanroom products also fall under sets of requirements that determine the cleanroom level and where the products can be used.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
              4. For a cleanroom to maintain its ISO classification, people working in the room must wear protective clothing that complies with the classification requirements.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
              5. Each cleanroom setting presents a different type of hygiene challenge that requires a cleaning agent specifically designed for cleanroom conditions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nIf you would like more specific information, please let me know:<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n
                  \r\n \t
                1. What industry is your cleanroom used in (e.g.: semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, food, etc.)?<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                2. What specific type of product are you looking for (e.g.: wipes, gloves, or disinfection equipment)?<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nI can provide you with more detailed options or brand recommendations.<\/span>[:zh]

                  S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                  \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nM\u1ecdi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u1eaft khe \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ecd b\u00e1n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISO) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Li\u00ean bang Hoa K\u1ef3 209E.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                  \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\u25c6<\/span>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam:<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\r\n
                    \r\n \t
                  1. H\u1ed9p gi\u1ea5y<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                  2. H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                  3. M\u00e0ng x\u1ed1p<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                  4. Tem nh\u00e3n<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                    Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nHi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPh\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec7 sinh cao nh\u1ea5t; c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1edbn c\u00f3 ch\u1ee5p. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                    T\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nT\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng h\u00fat kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 t\u1ee7, l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 thu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed9c, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u01a1i. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i, bao g\u1ed3m \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn PVC, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc carbon, lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea7ng, t\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, b\u0103ng gh\u1ebf s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u1ed1ng th\u1edf.<\/span>\r\n\r\nCh\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00f3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                    T\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng, chia lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c, t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e9p k\u00edn v\u1edbi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eabu kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ee5i nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span>\r\n\r\nT\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u1ecdc, qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA. Qu\u1ea1t h\u00fat kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xung quanh v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc HEPA, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Hai lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ngang v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1ed3ng ngang c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb sau ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ecdc c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/span>\r\n\r\nT\u1ee7 h\u00fat kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u00e9t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ra kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi kh\u00f4ng gian s\u00e0n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u01a1 l\u1eedng b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u1edbi m\u00e1y h\u00fat kh\u00ed t\u1ea7ng ngang, lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ea3y qua b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y qua b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb sau ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng gian cho b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t l\u1eafp ph\u00eda sau v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                    T\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y h\u00fat kh\u00ed chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i quan s\u00e1t trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea7ng d\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, Lo\u1ea1i I, II v\u00e0 III, trong \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i ba l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi sinh v\u1eadt d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan cao.<\/span>\r\n

                    Bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span>\r\n\r\nBu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng acrylic, nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/span>\r\n

                    M\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p k\u00edn tr\u00f2n l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i \u1ea9m. \u1ede d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda tr\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 canxi clorua khan, canxi sunfat ho\u1eb7c silica.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m h\u1ed9p m\u1ef1c m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u01b0\u1edfi. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 argon l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/span>\r\n

                    M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nit\u01a1:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nit\u01a1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nit\u01a1 t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e9n. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p lu\u1ed3ng nit\u01a1 tinh khi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a. M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nit\u01a1 cung c\u1ea5p 99% nit\u01a1 tinh khi\u1ebft \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf cho t\u1ee7 h\u00fat \u1ea9m, h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/span>\r\n

                    L\u1ed1i \u0111i qua ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nL\u1ed1i \u0111i qua ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i qua l\u1ed7 m\u1edf. L\u1ed1i \u0111i qua lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i \u0111i qua cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch; c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i qua v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a ni\u00eam phong ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f4i.<\/span>\r\n

                    C\u1eeda xoay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u1eeda xoay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u1eeda xoay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nNg\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eeda xoay t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1eeda t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf c\u1eeda c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1eeda xoay \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i \u0111i qua.<\/span>\r\n

                    L\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nL\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e9p k\u00edn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. L\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia nhi\u1ec7t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Trong ba lo\u1ea1i, l\u00f2 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. L\u00f2 kh\u00ed c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea1t g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Qu\u1ea1t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c m\u1ebb v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. L\u00f2 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea1t tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3. Ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u. L\u00f2 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/span>\r\n

                    V\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u1eefa m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. V\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i, m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. V\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u00f2i hoa sen kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i v\u00e0o qua m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda kh\u00f3a k\u00e9p, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd th\u1ed5i kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111i v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc HEPA v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong bu\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed3ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                    V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nM\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. S\u00e0n, tr\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ISO 1, c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,02 \u03bcm. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n, t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/span>\r\n

                    B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch (AHU):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO, kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC v\u00e0 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. B\u00ean trong b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf 99,9% ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cho ph\u00e9p c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u03bcm.<\/span>\r\n

                    B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc qu\u1ea1t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch (FFU):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc qu\u1ea1t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a FFU bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 0,3 \u03bcm tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p (ULPA) lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 0,23 \u03bcm tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00e1o c\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (MERV) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 0,3 \u03bcm \u0111\u1ebfn 10 \u03bcm.<\/span>\r\n\r\nFFU c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng FFU c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng. Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc qu\u1ea1t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/span>\r\n

                    \u0110\u00e8n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\u0110\u00e8n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00f5m, g\u1eafn tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng gel ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang k\u00edn kh\u00ed.<\/span>\r\n\r\nLo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng (LED) t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t cho chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n

                    L\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTr\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Hai lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n treo. Tr\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 chu vi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thanh \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ph\u00f2ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m l\u1eafp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eb7n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thanh \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T.<\/span>\r\n\r\nL\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n treo ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n. Thanh gi\u1eb1ng cho tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo t\u1eeb d\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thanh th\u00e9p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a v\u1eb7n n\u1eb7ng. Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ea7n treo, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc xem tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span>\r\n

                    S\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch: <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nS\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u00e0n n\u1eb1m \u1edf cu\u1ed1i danh s\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nKhi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u00e0n, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, c\u00e1ch v\u1ec7 sinh, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t (GMP) v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong ph\u00f2ng. Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a vinyl c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nS\u00e0n n\u00e2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn theo t\u1ea7ng t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc HEPA, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/span>\r\n

                    T\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng m\u00f4-\u0111un, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac linh ho\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 l\u1eafp c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o.<\/span>\r\n\r\nNh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ch\u00ednh khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u1eddng. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf khi b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                    N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nN\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m gh\u1ebf, b\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo c\u00f4ng th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i.<\/span>\r\n

                    B\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo c\u00f4ng th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 cao b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c tay quay.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n, b\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng khu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n, m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n b\u00e0n.<\/span>\r\n

                    Gh\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGh\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ISO 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 10, trong \u0111\u00f3 ISO 5 v\u00e0 6 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng vinyl, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i, urethane v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i ESD v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, gh\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh xe ho\u1eb7c thanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ea1 cr\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span>\r\n

                    B\u00e0n \u01b0\u1edbt:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u00e0n \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Khi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n l\u00e0 b\u00e0n axit ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u00e0n axit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng polypropylen. B\u00e0n dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp l\u00f3t, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng gh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbt, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nit\u01a1, b\u1ec3 r\u1eeda, m\u00e1y x\u1ea3, m\u00e1y h\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 pha lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch axit, b\u1ec3 th\u1ea1ch anh, b\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ec3 si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ed3n r\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed5 sung.<\/span>\r\n

                    Xe \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nHai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i. Xe \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/span>\r\n\r\nXe \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh xe kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Ch\u00fang nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                    S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nC\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed; ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i: ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u1ec7 sinh, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ph\u00f2ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/span>\r\n

                    Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nPh\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao (HEPA) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/span>\r\n\r\nKh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. V\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n, m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t; vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec7 sinh ti\u1ebfp theo cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u1ec7 sinh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHai d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng oxy h\u00f3a. Trong hai d\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng oxy h\u00f3a l\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a c\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t amoni.<\/span>\r\n

                    Kh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u0103n lau ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m kh\u0103n lau s\u1ee3i nh\u1ecf, kh\u0103n lau b\u00e3o h\u00f2a, kh\u0103n lau vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u0103n lau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch khu\u00f4n in. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u0103n lau kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u0103n lau kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span>\r\n\r\nKh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra ch\u00fang. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u00e1ch, m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n, m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00edt x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i.<\/span>\r\n

                    Kh\u0103n lau d\u1ec7t kim kh\u00f4:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nKh\u0103n lau d\u1ec7t kim kh\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch Class 10 ho\u1eb7c ISO 4 v\u00e0 Class 100 ho\u1eb7c ISO 5. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polyester, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

                    Kh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t kh\u00f4:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nKh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t kh\u00f4 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Kh\u0103n lau kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t<\/span>\r\n

                    B\u00e3o h\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nKh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch b\u00e3o h\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch trong v\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a kh\u0103n lau v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i dung d\u1ecbch bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ed3n isopropyl (IPA), ethanol v\u00e0 hydrogen peroxide. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u0103n lau b\u00e3o h\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m polyester c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng dao, polyester d\u00e1n m\u00e9p, polycellulose v\u00e0 polypropylene th\u1ed5i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/span>\r\n

                    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHai lo\u1ea1i lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 lau s\u1ea1ch. M\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u lau chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u lau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a dung m\u00f4i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, polyester d\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u0111an \u0111\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c.<\/span>\r\n\r\nCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ea7u lau ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi dung m\u00f4i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00ec s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u lau nh\u00e0.<\/span>\r\n

                    S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m USP 800:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m USP 800. B\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. B\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n USP 800 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong USP 800. Bao g\u1ed3m trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 USP 800 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ISO lo\u1ea1i 5 ho\u1eb7c Lo\u1ea1i 100. Ng\u00e0nh cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a USP 800 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a USP 800.<\/span>\r\n

                    Th\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u00e0nh cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u00e0n v\u00e0 thu gom b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n t\u1eeb gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh, th\u1ea3m tr\u1ea3i s\u00e0n, th\u1ea3m ng\u00e2m ch\u00e2n, th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi, th\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/span>\r\n

                    Th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h4>\r\nTh\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch d\u00ednh, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp t\u1ea5m polyethylene c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m. Khi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i tr\u00ean th\u1ea3m d\u00ednh, th\u1ea3m s\u1ebd b\u00e1m b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span>\r\n

                    Th\u1ea3m ng\u00e2m ch\u00e2n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTh\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ng\u00e2m ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 dung d\u1ecbch kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea1o cao su gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p. Th\u1ea3m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t gallon dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch clo ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch b\u1eadc b\u1ed1n. Th\u1ea3m nh\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p.<\/span>\r\n

                    Ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTh\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m s\u00e0n ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho ch\u00e2n khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi g\u00e2y ra l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u k\u00e9m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/span>\r\n

                    Kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTh\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaby v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f4i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m.<\/span>\r\n

                    M\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n t\u1eeb b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean gi\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u1edbi b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u00e9p. M\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi s\u00e1u inch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0o t\u00fai \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u1ee5i, trong khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a b\u1ee5i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i qua b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh gi\u00e0y ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eadm, m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn n\u00e0y t\u00edch t\u1ee5 sau khi gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u00e1y v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                    \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                    Trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 danh s\u00e1ch trang ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, m\u0169 ph\u1ed3ng, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, bao gi\u00e0y, kh\u1ea9u trang v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng, \u00e1o li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n, v\u00e1y, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c, t\u1ea1p d\u1ec1, \u00e1o s\u01a1 mi, qu\u1ea7n, gi\u00e0y, bao gi\u00e0y, tay \u00e1o v\u00e0 m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, s\u1ee3i, v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i r\u1eddi. Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e kh\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/span>\r\n

                    Li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i\/Th\u1ed5i tan ch\u1ea3y\/Li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i (SMS):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nSMS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 th\u1ed5i tan ch\u1ea3y. Lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho d\u00f9 \u01b0\u1edbt hay kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u1eddn ho\u1eb7c bung s\u1ee3i cao. Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ed5i tan ch\u1ea3y m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ebbo dai h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00ec v\u1ea3i li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng, dai v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/span>\r\n

                    Ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (ESD):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ESD. Trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. V\u1ea3i ESD ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ESD th\u01b0\u1eddng do qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o t\u1ea1o ra.<\/span>\r\n

                    Vi x\u1ed1p:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u vi x\u1ed1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb m\u00e0ng vi x\u1ed1p tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 l\u1edbp r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng sinh h\u1ecdc. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0o, m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u vi x\u1ed1p l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u00e1u, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n h\u01a1i \u1ea9m cao (MVTR), kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span>\r\n

                    Ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 baz\u01a1, dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 axit. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nylon c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i axeton nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m Arkema, Baden anilin v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y soda (BASF), Solvay, nylon v\u00e0 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), v.v.<\/span>\r\n

                    Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y (FR):<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u FR kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1eaft l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c tan ch\u1ea3y khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y. Hai lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u FR l\u00e0 v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n F1930 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 (ASTM), Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma-n\u01a1-canh c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng.<\/span>\r\n

                    Ch\u1ed1ng nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0ng x\u1ed1p si\u00eau nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/span>\r\n
                      \r\n \t
                    1. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 1: G\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                    2. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 2: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                    3. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 3: C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                    4. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 4: Nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                      T\u1ea1p d\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, t\u1ea1p d\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng gian. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0n axit, ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 tay \u00e1o d\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u1ed5 tay chun \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1nh tay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c.<\/span>\r\n\r\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u0169 bouffant ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9, m\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng polypropylen v\u00e0 c\u00f3 d\u00e2y thun che ph\u1ee7 ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 nha khoa. M\u0169 Bouffant th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ngay sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3.<\/span>\r\n

                      B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c \u00e1o li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m n\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t ra gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc hay h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n do lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9: A, B, C v\u00e0 D. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 A l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 D l\u00e0 \u00edt nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 A \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh kh\u00ed gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. Ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede m\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u1ee7ng, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1.<\/span>\r\n

                      Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nQu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i t\u1eeb qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nguy c\u01a1 sinh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng bao g\u1ed3m m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay.<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i che m\u1eb7t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 cho gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, tay v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span>\r\n

                      H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nQu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd axit, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, vi-r\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 trang ph\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd axit v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n da ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00eam, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may d\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp ni\u00eam phong b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ed1ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

                      Nomex\u00ae:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nNomex\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n do T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n DuPont ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Khi Nomex\u00ae ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u00e0y l\u00ean v\u00e0 cacbon h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, Nomex\u00ae s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tan ch\u1ea3y, nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1y. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Nomex\u00ae ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ed3 quang.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Nomex\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb v\u00e1y, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 che ch\u00e2n.<\/span>\r\n

                      Tyvek\u00ae:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTyvek\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a DuPont \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Tyvek\u00ae t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng quy tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i nhanh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may serge kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e9p th\u00f4 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, ch\u1ed1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nQu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch Tyvek\u00ae c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm, v\u00e1y, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, bao gi\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u0169 bouffant.<\/span>\r\n

                      V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u00e0y v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc gi\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc gi\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng, lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao gi\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m Tyvek\u00ae, polypropylene, nh\u1ef1a CPE, latex v\u00e0 polyethylene, v.v. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a bao ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n

                      M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ecdi ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i ng\u0103n h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m v\u00f2ng qua tai, b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c, t\u00fai v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m che. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 quai quai l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 hai d\u00e2y thun co gi\u00e3n qua tai. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt bu\u1ed9c \u1edf ph\u00eda sau \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ki\u1ec3u t\u00fai l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xung quanh mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 m\u0169i \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m che \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn g\u1eafn \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng qua tai.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ed5 sung cho m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a kh\u1ea9u trang trong h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u1ea9u trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a trong v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/span>\r\n

                      M\u0169 tr\u00f9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u0169 tr\u00f9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n t\u1eeb t\u00f3c l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u0169 tr\u00f9m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i che to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1eaft v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i che d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1eb1m v\u00e0 che hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u0169 tr\u00f9m l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng ISO 4 v\u00e0 ISO 5.<\/span>\r\n

                      G\u0103ng tay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u0103ng tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cao, g\u0103ng tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ri\u00eang l\u1ebb trong t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i g\u0103ng tay trong b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u0103ng tay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m nitrile, latex, neoprene, polychloroprene v\u00e0 polyisoprene. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a g\u0103ng tay ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 v\u1eeba kh\u00edt v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n sao cho g\u0103ng tay kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 v\u1eeba v\u1eb7n nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp da th\u1ee9 hai. Lo\u1ea1i g\u0103ng tay ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

                      B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTrong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mua b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n m\u1eb7c b\u00ean trong qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u1ed5 tay v\u00e0 m\u1eaft c\u00e1 ch\u00e2n.<\/span>\r\n\r\nB\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n da c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm v\u1edbi g\u0103ng tay, bao ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u trang, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                      \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                      H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\nVi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed7i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPh\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong ISO 14644 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi khu\u1ea9n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong ISO 14698. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra b\u1edfi C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m Li\u00ean bang (FDA) v\u00e0 Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU). M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/span>\r\n

                      H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n. Ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng ng\u0103n ch\u00fang sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 sao ch\u00e9p DNA c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n\r\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi khu\u1ea9n. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00ecm khu\u1ea9n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h4>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, lipid, enzyme v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edbi s\u1ebd ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Khi ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m. K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed l\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o t\u1eed.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u1ed3n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng g\u1ed1c c\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ee3p v\u1ec7 sinh. Pha v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ed3n, isopropyl ho\u1eb7c etyl, cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh di\u1ec7t vi-r\u00fat. C\u1ed3n isopropyl \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 vi-r\u00fat m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00e0o t\u1eed.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda formaldehyde:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda formaldehyde th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u00f3c, kh\u00f4ng gian b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng formaldehyde l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i; ph\u1ea3i l\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 carbon.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda Bleach:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nNatri hypoclorit (thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 b\u00e0o t\u1eed. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, bao g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1c.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda Hydrogen Peroxide:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nHydrogen peroxide c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, hydro peroxide c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1i. Kh\u0103n lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hydro peroxide. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1eb7n.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda axit peracetic:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nAxit peracetic l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a axit axetic v\u00e0 hydro peroxide v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m; sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1eb7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i soi, \u1ed1ng soi kh\u1edbp, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nha khoa.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda Isopropanol:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nIsopropanol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3n isopropyl m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a isopropanol l\u00e0 n\u00f3 bay h\u01a1i nhanh nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n cao trong isopropanol gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span>\r\n

                      Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda USP 800:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nV\u1ec7 sinh USP 800 l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda s\u1ebd v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a, kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng.<\/span>\r\n
                        \r\n \t
                      1. V\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u2013 Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u01a1.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                      2. Kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m \u2013 Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda s\u1ebd v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a, trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                      3. V\u1ec7 sinh \u2013 C\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                      4. Kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u2013 Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda s\u1ebd ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                        Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda b\u1eadc b\u1ed1n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nB\u1eadc b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t amoniac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 n\u1ea5m, amip, n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng vi-r\u00fat kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1eadc b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng x\u1ed1p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0o t\u1eed vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                        \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                        S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i.<\/span>\r\n\r\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ea3 thi \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/span>\r\n

                        Con l\u0103n d\u00ednh<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nCon l\u0103n d\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 h\u01a1i c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e0n, tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i con l\u0103n d\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecdt, trong \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng trong khi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nCon l\u0103n d\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 con l\u0103n x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i c\u1ea7m tay nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng con l\u0103n s\u01a1n. Thay v\u00ec s\u01a1n, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m polyethylene d\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o con l\u0103n. Khi con l\u0103n di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eddi v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang.<\/span>\r\n

                        X\u00f4<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 x\u00f4 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lau s\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh lang, c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\nHai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng hai so v\u1edbi ba x\u00f4. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ba x\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh, m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 v\u1eaft. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hai x\u00f4, m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 x\u00f4 th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u00e1y v\u1eaft. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eaft trong x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/span>\r\n

                        Ch\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee3i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ed5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eeba kh\u00edt an to\u00e0n, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i polyme sao cho ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1n ch\u1ed5i, s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i poly ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 vi khu\u1ea9n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9i h\u00f4i. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ee1, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba th\u00eam, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ch\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span>\r\n

                        C\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 n\u00e0o cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01a1 v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1ee5ng l\u00f4ng. C\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span>\r\n\r\nT\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e2y lau nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng, s\u1ee3i lau nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn sao cho c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/span>\r\n

                        M\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nGi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc HEPA. M\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e0n, t\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gh\u1ebf cho ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch\u2014th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. Theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i cho m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i g\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u1ed1c. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc; m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO 4.<\/span>\r\n

                        C\u00e2y g\u1ea1t s\u00e0n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\r\nC\u00e2y g\u1ea1t s\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng PVC kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 vi khu\u1ea9n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9i h\u00f4i. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ee1, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee1i k\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn b\u1eafn n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e1ch.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                        \"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

                        K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\r\n
                          \r\n \t
                        1. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                        2. M\u1ecdi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u1eaft khe \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                        3. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                        4. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ISO, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
                        5. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>[:]","link":"https:\/\/hadupack.com\/zh\/danh-muc\/vat-tu-phong-sach\/","name":"\u65e0\u5c18\u5ba4\u7528\u54c1","slug":"vat-tu-phong-sach","taxonomy":"product_cat","parent":0,"meta":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u65e0\u5c18\u5ba4\u7528\u54c1 Archives - BINA VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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